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SS El Capitan (1917)
''El Capitan'',〔Though some sources give other names contemporary references and Lloyd's Register indicate no names other than ''El Capitan'' from construction until loss.〕 United States Official Number 285587, was built in 1917 by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company at Newport News, Virginia for the Southern Pacific Company Atlantic Steamship Lines. In 1915 the line operated from the North River piers 49—52 at the foot of 11th Street in New York to New Orleans under the flag and name of Morgan Line, which combined with the Southern Pacific's rail service from the Pacific Coast was known as the Sunset Gulf Route. During World War I the ship was purchased from the builder before delivery to the owner by the United States Shipping Board (USSB) which later turned the ship over to the United States Navy which placed her in commission as USS ''El Capitan'' (ID-1407) from 1918 to 1919. ''El Capitan'' was returned to commercial service by the Southern Pacific Company until just before the United States entry into World War II when the United States War Shipping Administration (WSA) acquired the ship, changed her registry to Panama and placed her in operation under its agent, United States Lines. ''El Capitan'' was in the Arctic convoy PQ-17 to the Soviet Union when she came under air attack on 9 July 1942, was damaged and abandoned to be sunk by torpedo just after midnight on 10 July.
==Construction and design==
Both ''El Capitan'' and sister ship ''El Almirante'' were designed by the line's engineer, A. S. Hebble, as single screw ships with three complete steel decks on a transverse framing system. Watertight bulkheads extending to the main deck were fitted at the forepeak, between #1 and #2 holds, aft the engine room and after peak. A watertight bulkhead extending only to the lower deck was fitted aft the ballast tank.
Propulsion was by a triple expansion steam engine of , and diameter with stroke designed for 75 revolutions per minute with steam provided by two oil burning Scotch marine boiler designed to allow the ship to make when fully loaded to the designed draft. The ships were specifically designed with a limited speed of as their 6,500 ton cargo was to be "slow moving freight."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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